What is the primary function of electrostatic precipitators in power engineering?

The primary function of electrostatic precipitators in power engineering is to remove particulate matter from gases. These devices are crucial for maintaining air quality and ensuring compliance with environmental regulations. Electrostatic precipitators operate by charging particles in a gas stream and then collecting them on oppositely charged surfaces, which effectively captures smoke, dust, and other pollutants.

This process is especially important in power plants and industrial facilities where the release of particulate matter can have significant environmental and health impacts. By utilizing electrostatic precipitators, facilities can significantly reduce emissions, contributing to cleaner air and a healthier environment.

In contrast, the other options pertain to different processes or applications unrelated to the function of electrostatic precipitators. For instance, increasing the hardness of metals relates to material processing, stabilizing an arc during welding pertains to welding techniques, and converting ice to steam efficiently involves thermodynamic processes rather than air purification. Thus, understanding the specific role of electrostatic precipitators in removing particulates is essential in the context of power engineering and environmental management.